SAT vs. ACT — What’s the Difference?
Are you planning to study in the United States and confused about whether to take the SAT or ACT? You’re not alone! These are the two most commonly accepted standardised tests for college admissions in the US. While they serve a similar purpose, they differ in format, content, scoring, and focus.
In this guide, we’ll walk you through everything you need to know about the SAT vs. ACT including their similarities, key differences, exam structure, fees, and more—so you can choose the test that best matches your strengths.
What Are the SAT and ACT?
- SAT (Scholastic Assessment Test): Measures college readiness based on reading, writing, and math. It emphasises reasoning, critical thinking, and data interpretation.
- ACT (American College Testing): Also assesses readiness for university, but includes a science section and places more focus on grammar, punctuation, and time management.
If you’re better at interpreting graphs and logical reasoning, the SAT may suit you. If you’re more confident with grammar rules and work well under time pressure, consider the ACT.
SAT vs. ACT: What’s Similar?
- Accepted by almost all US colleges and universities
- Test key academic skills in English, reading, and math
- No penalty for wrong answers
- Can be taken multiple times
- Used for scholarship opportunities
SAT vs. ACT: Key Differences
| Feature | SAT | ACT |
|---|---|---|
| Score Range | 400 – 1600 | 1 – 36 |
| Sections | Reading, Writing & Language, Math (Calc & No Calc) | English, Math, Reading, Science, (Optional Essay) |
| Time | ~3 hours | ~2 hr 55 mins (or 3 hr 35 mins with essay) |
| Science Section | No | Yes |
| Math Focus | More algebra & data analysis | More geometry & trigonometry |
| Calculator Usage | One section without calculator | Allowed throughout |
| Essay | Discontinued (as of 2021) | Optional |
If you’re not confident with science concepts or managing five sections in one test, you might find the SAT more manageable.
SAT vs. ACT: Score Comparison
| Exam | Good Score Range |
|---|---|
| SAT | 1400 – 1500 |
| ACT | 31 – 35 |
Use a conversion chart to compare your scores between SAT and ACT. For instance, a 1450 SAT score is roughly equivalent to a 32 ACT score.
SAT vs. ACT: Exam Pattern
SAT:
- Reading: 52 questions (65 minutes)
- Writing & Language: 44 questions (35 minutes)
- Math: 58 questions (80 minutes, split between calculator and non-calculator)
ACT:
- English: 75 questions (45 minutes)
- Math: 60 questions (60 minutes)
- Reading: 40 questions (35 minutes)
- Science: 40 questions (35 minutes)
- Optional Essay: 1 essay (40 minutes)
SAT vs. ACT: Exam Fees (2024)
| Exam | Basic Fee (No Essay) | With Essay (ACT only) | International Fee |
|---|---|---|---|
| SAT | $46 – $60 | N/A | $57.50 |
| ACT | $46 | $62.50 | $57.50 |
Which Test Should You Choose?
Choose the SAT if you:
- Prefer more time per question
- Are stronger in vocabulary and algebra
- Don’t want to deal with a science section
Choose the ACT if you:
- Are good at time management
- Prefer straightforward questions
- Enjoy science-based reasoning
FAQs: SAT vs. ACT
Q1: Do colleges prefer SAT or ACT?
No. All US colleges accept both tests equally. It’s entirely up to you which one to take.
Q2: Should I take both the SAT and ACT?
Only if you’re unsure. Taking both can help you compare which one suits you better, but it’s not necessary for admissions.
Q3: Is the ACT harder than the SAT?
Not necessarily. The ACT is faster-paced with more sections, while the SAT is more reasoning-based. It depends on your test-taking style.
Q4: Can I retake these exams?
Yes! You can take both exams multiple times. Most colleges consider your highest score.
Q5: What are SAT Subject Tests?
They were discontinued in 2021. You now only need to focus on the main SAT test.
Whether you choose the SAT or ACT, remember that these exams are just one part of your university application. Focus on doing your best, practice regularly, and choose the test that aligns with your strengths. Don’t forget you can always reach out to your study abroad advisor for guidance on registration, preparation, and which test best supports your application journey.
Need help choosing the right test or applying to US universities? Contact Kampus Group to speak to a certified education counsellor today!